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The
natural force within each one of us is the greatest
healer of disease.
- Hippocrates
Electromagnetic
energy and the human body have a valid and important interrelationship.
Magnetic field therapy can be used both in diagnosing and treating
physical and emotional disorders. This process has been recognized
to relieve symptoms and may, in some cases, retard the cycle of
new disease. Magnets and electromagnetic therapy devices are now
being used to eliminate pain, facilitate the healing of broken bones,
and counter the effects of stress.
Uses
This hotly debated
form of therapy is usually prescribed to relieve pain-primarily
muscle and joint pain, but occasionally headaches, carpal tunnel
syndrome and other types of pain. Among its many applications are
muscle strains; sprains of the spine, neck or limbs; hip and joint
pain; arthritis phantom limb pain; fibromyalgia; osteoarthritis;
persistent rotator cuff tendinitis; and chronic pelvic pain. In
addition, magnetic fields are sometimes used to speed the healing
of bone fractures, and some proponents even advocate magnets to
relieve stress, combat infections and prevent seizures. The numerous
studies that have been conducted on the efficacy of magnets have
typically yielded quite contradictory results. Its proponents announce
favourable findings, only to find themselves debunked in subsequent
trials. They usually respond that the follow-up studies failed to
properly employ the precise magnetic devices responsible for initial
success.
Procedure
of Treatment
The devices
employed in this form of therapy range from small, simple magnetic
discs to large, sophisticated magnetic field generators capable
of producing high-intensity magnetism. The larger machines are typically
used to treat bone fractures and pseudoarthrosis (a false joint
at the site of an unknit fracture). For pain management, small magnetic
discs are usually taped to the body over the areas that radiate
the pain, known as the pain trigger points. Magnets used
for this type of therapy typically generate a field measured at
350 to 500 gauss, or about 10 times the strength of a typical refrigerator
magnet. To hold the magnet in place, many people find sports bandages,
headbands, elastic bandages or Velcro more comfortable and less
confining than tape. To relive stress and insomnia, some practitioners
advocate magnetic blankets and beds. These devices produce a much
stronger field in order to compensate for the loss of potency caused
by their greater distance from the skin. For example, in such conditions,
a 4,000 gauss magnet is needed to deliver 1,200 gauss to the patient.
Although all magnets have two poles-positive (south) and negative
(north)-they vary drastically in size and strength. If you plan
to try a magnet for pain relief, your best bet is to purchase a
therapeutic magnet from a reputable, medical vendor who will allow
you to use it on a trial basis. Magnets delivering between 300 and
500 gauss are considered safe for home use.
Treatment Time: Depending on the severity of the pain, the
magnet may be left in place for as little as three minutes or as
long as several days.
Treatment Frequency: Varies with the nature and severity
of the condition. Often the magnet is applied several times per
day for several days or weeks at a time. Many people use this therapy
at the first sign of a recurrence of pain.
Benefits
The rationales
for magnetic field therapy are as controversial as the treatment
itself. Some of the leading theories are as under:
Pain Relief: Some advocates ascribe the therapy's purported
benefits to its affect on the nervous system, which depends on electrical
charges to deliver its signals. Others say that magnets exert a
pull on charged particles within bodily fluids, thereby promoting
the flow of blood to the damaged joints or muscles, boosting levels
of oxygen and nutrients, and ultimately relieving pain. Its advocates
warn that these results are often difficult to achieve without the
guidance of a professional trained in magnetic field therapy. To
be effective, they say, the magnetic field and the target bodily
fluids must be at right angles, creating what is known as the 'Hall
Effect'. This, they say, makes proper placement of the magnet a
crucial part of therapy. It remains to be seen whether either of
these theories is valid. One fact, however, is certain: Magnets
will not cure the underlying cause of muscle or joint pain and,
once the devices are removed, the pain may return.
Stress: Some proponents say that a negative magnetic field
applied to the top of the head has a calming, sleep-inducing effect.
Since stress is a factor in a wide range of ailments, they say the
therapy can be beneficial as an adjunct in virtually any circumstance.
The treatments cannot, however, be relied on to remedy the problem.
Infections: A few advocates of magnetic therapy go so far
as to say that negative magnetic fields can destroy bacteria, fungal
and viral infections. However, there is no definitive proof of such
an effect, and mainstream physicians warn against any attempt to
substitute magnets for traditional antibiotics.
Central Nervous System Disorders: Some magnetic therapy practitioners
have reported that placing small ceramic neodymium or iron oxide
magnets upon patients' head can relieve seizures, panic attacks
and hallucinations without disturbing mental alertness. There have
been no formal clinical trials, however, to validate this contention.
Because magnetic therapy is a noninvasive, drug-free form of treatment,
physicians who prescribe it claim it is one of the safest long-term
remedies available-much more effective, they say, than aspirin or
other over-the-counter medications. Fans of this therapy even argue
that treatment outcomes are more predictable than most traditional
approaches.
Who Should
Avoid This Therapy?
Anyone with
a cardiac pacemaker or defibrillator should completely avoid magnetic
fields. It is also wise to forego this type of therapy during pregnancy.
If you find that you have an allergy to the metal in the magnets,
use only devices encased in hypoallergenic plastic.
Side-effects
Side-effects
are generally considered unlikely. However, some practitioners have
reported cases of slight dizziness when magnetic therapy devices
were used near a carotid artery (the carotids are the two main arteries
in the neck). Feelings of light-headedness have also been reported
when the devices were used for more than 24 hours. Some patients
experience an increase in intensity of the pain during the first
few treatments; others notice a warming sensation due to expansion
of the tiny blood vessels in the area over which the device is placed.
The most common complaint, however, is a skin rash or irritation
that often develops from the adhesive used to attach the magnets
to the skin. To alleviate this discomfort, many physicians recommend
protective barrier products that can be applied to the skin prior
to the tape. Vitamin E creams can also be used to soothe skin irritated
by adhesives. Practitioners of this form of therapy recommend a
number of additional precautions: Never use a magnetic bed for more
than eight hours. Wait at least 60 minutes after meals before applying
magnets to the abdomen. Earlier application is said to interfere
with normal contractions in the digestive tract. Remember that the
magnetic devices will stick to other metal products, possibly causing
injury. Be cautious, for example, when removing a pan from the stove
while wearing a device on your wrist. Be careful to keep the devices
away from anyone wearing a pacemaker or defibrillator.
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