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Cell
therapy promotes physical regeneration through the injection of
healthy cellular material into the body. It is used to stimulate
healing, counteract the effects of ageing and treat a variety of
degenerative diseases, such as arthritis, Parkinson's disease, atherosclerosis
and cancer. Although not approved in the United States, cell therapy
is used throughout Europe and in many countries worldwide.
Uses
Cell therapy
seeks to reverse the ravages of degenerative disease by injecting
healthy animal cells (or cell extracts) into the patient's bloodstream.
A variety of claims have been made for the treatments, which achieved
considerable popularity among the rich and famous during the mid-20th
century. The injections have been promoted as a means to improve
overall health, boost the immune system, enhance vitality, counteract
the effects of ageing, cure impotence, stimulate healing, relieve
arthritis, reverse Parkinson's disease, and even fight cancer. They
have also been used to treat painful menstruation, infertility,
herpes, prostate problems, bronchial disorders, epilepsy, hardening
of the arteries, bladder infections, skin problems, hepatitis, heart
problems, circulatory disorders, and menopause. Unfortunately, despite
numerous testimonials, there are no studies verifying cell therapy's
purposed beneficial effects, and the treatments have been banned
in the United States since 1985 due to the danger of infections
and allergic reactions. Unlike blood transfusions and bone marrow
transplants, which are carefully matched to the recipient, animal-cell
injections can trigger serious immune rejection reactions. One highly
publicized achievement of cell therapy-the alleviation of Down's
syndrome-has been conclusively disproven. In clinical trials, children
receiving cell therapy showed no improvement in mental ability.
Procedure
of Treatment
The cells used
in this type of therapy are usually taken from unborn sheep or pigs.
In its original form (pioneered by Swiss physician Paul Niehans
in the 1930s), the therapy called for live cells, which were prepared
for injection by finely mincing the animals' tissues or glands and
mixing them with a special saline solution. The injections were
typically made within one hour of the donor animal's death to ensure
that the cells of the living material into toxic substances. Today,
however, therapists are m ore likely to use freeze-dried cells or
antibodies produced from the cells. These preparations are said
to offer the same benefits as live-cell therapy with less danger
of infection or immune reactions. The newer forms of treatment are
also less costly. Prior to treatment, the therapist will probably
give you a physical exam and take a health history to determine
whether cell therapy is appropriate. (If a specific organ or gland
is the target of the treatment, it must retain enough vitality to
respond to stimulation.) The therapist will then give a test injection
to make sure you won't suffer an allergic reaction. If any sensitivity
is detected, additional injections will be cancelled and you'll
be advised to seek another form of treatment. A variety of injections
is available. The preparations most commonly employed today by the
leading practitioners in the field include the following:
(a) A Combination of Various Cell Types
These injections are used primarily for revitalization purposes.
The patient is injected with four types of cells - pituitary, liver,
connective tissue and male or female reproductive glands - plus
a fifth type selected according to the patient's specific need.
For example, if the patient has liver problems, liver cells will
be included in the preparation.
(b) Whole
Embryo Ultrafiltrate Injection
This type of injection is intended to stimulate connective tissues
and muscles, increase fluid content in the tissues and retard aging.
The preparation contains material from all areas of the embryo,
and is therefore considered effective for the whole body. As with
the combination injections, if a patient is experiencing problems
in a particular area, such as liver or kidney, the injections can
be supplemented with cells from those organs as well.
(c) Therapeutic
Immunology (Antibody Injections)
This more sophisticated variation of the treatments relies on antibodies
rather than the cells themselves. The injections are produced by
administering the cells to an animal, whose immune system then manufactures
antibodies in response. These antibodies are then harvested from
the animal's blood, purified and administered to the patient in
much the same way that shots of gamma globulin are given to boost
immunity. Such use of antibodies is actually one of the hottest
research areas in medicine today. Antibodies produced by genetic
engineering are being used experimentally to treat autoimmune diseases
such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. Several products are already
under FDA review. Cell therapists who use antibody preparations
claim they have no side-effects. To enhance effectiveness and prevent
potential reactions, the antibodies are administered via both injection
and suppository in low doses over a period of several weeks or months.
Cell extracts containing ribonucleic acid, the material that transmits
genetic information from the DNA, are often added to the antibodies
to enhance the effectiveness of therapy. (d)
Bio-Nutritional Therapy
These treatments offer a potpourri of cells, cell extracts, and
antibodies combines with various nutrients and adenosine triphosphate
(ATP), a compound that stores and transfers energy within cells
and is thought to promote cellular and tissue regeneration. Practitioners
typically administer this preparation either under the tongue or
through the nasal or rectal passage, where it is quickly absorbed.
Treatment
Time: For each method discussed, patients typically receive
two to five doses per session.
I Varies according to the method employed and the body's response;
some cases may require only one session, while other patients may
undergo additional sessions for a period of six months, one year,
or perhaps up to two years.
Benefits
Traditional
cell therapy is founded on the belief that, when injected into a
human patient, certain animal fetal cells will automatically travel
to the same organ from which they were procured and revitalize its
activity. For example, it is thought that fetal liver cells introduced
into the human body will naturally migrate to the host liver and
stimulate regeneration; kidney cells will migrate to the kidney,
and so forth. The newer, antibody form of therapy relies less on
regeneration of specific organs and more on general stimulation
of the immune system. Depending upon how the treatment is administered
and for what condition, the benefits of cell therapy are sometimes
reported to appear in as little as 36 hours, as in the case of a
hepatitis patient said to have experienced almost immediate rejuvenation
after a liver cell injection. However, most recoveries take four
to six months, and proponents say that the overall long-term healing
process can take several years, as the body begins to accept the
transplanted cells, resumes normal activity, slowly rebuilds stamina
and increases blood supply.
Who
Should Avoid This Therapy?
Cell
therapy is not recommended for those with kidney disease, liver
failure, or acute infections and inflammatory diseases, such as
ulcerative colitis, a chronic disease of the large intestine and
rectum. However, this may not necessarily apply to the genetically
engineered antibody treatments currently under investigation in
the United States. These products are being tested for use in patients
who do, in fact, have ulcerative colitis and other inflammatory
bowel diseases, particularly Crohn's disease. Of course, patients
who show an allergic reaction to a test injection during the screening
process should not receive treatments.
Side-effects
There
are a number of potential side-effects of which individuals considering
this therapy should be aware. Any type of cell therapy is likely
to produce fatigue, typically from the time of injection to as much
as two weeks afterwards. Allergic reactions are also quite possible.
With live cell therapy, there is a distinct danger that the body's
immune system will reject the material, as it does an organ transplant.
Among the signs of rejection is high fever.
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